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Public attitudes towards substance use and drug addiction - April/May 2023
Spurný, Martin
In a survey conducted during April and May 2023, the The Public Opinion Research Centre (CVVM) asked a set of questions about public attitudes towards substance use. Respondents over the age of 15 rated the extent to which they considered it acceptable to consume certain addictive substances, specifically tobacco, alcohol, painkillers, sleeping or tranquillisers, cannabis drugs (e.g. marijuana, hashish) and drugs such as ecstasy, methamphetamine and heroin. They commented on selected statements about the problem of drug addiction, whether drug use is a problem in the Czech Republic as a whole or in their place of residence, and whether the relevant institutions in the Czech Republic deal adequately with the problem of drug use.
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Opioid Crisis in the USA and its relevance to the Czech opioid situation
Sovík, David ; Kopsa Těšinová, Jolana (advisor) ; Nekola, Martin (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the topic of opioid abuse in the United States of America and in the Czech Republic. The current situation of opioid abuse in the USA is called the "Opioid Crisis". The thesis describes the historical development of the problem, including its division into three main phases, in each of which a different opioid is the most abused. In the first phase, it is prescription opioids that are most commonly abused, while the last two stages are dominated by illicit opioid abuse of heroin and fentanyl. The identification of the primary causes of the Opioid Crisis is an important part of the thesis. Purdue Pharma is explicitely mentioned as having manufactured opioids that have directly contributed to the widespread abuse of opioids. Within the thesis, a typology is created in order to clarify which social groups in the USA are the most susceptible to becoming addicted to opioids. In the part of the thesis dedicated to the situation in the Czech Republic, a historical and current perspective of national opioid abuse is provided. Potential present and future threats that could lead to a worsening of the situation are also identified.
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Therapeutic potential of ibogaine in treating addiction
de Donnová, Selma ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Presently, addiction constitutes a major global issue, both for people directly affected by it, and for society. Many people would benefit from innovative, safe, and effective treatments. Psychedelic renaissance in the 21st century brings potential solutions for some of the most common psychiatric issues, including addiction. The molecule subjected to the most extensive scientific research in this area is ibogaine - atypical psychedelic of plant origin displaying a complex mixture of dissociative, oneirophrenic, and hallucinogenic effects. This thesis is a non-systematic review of scientific literature published mostly after the year 2000, aiming to summarise information about the therapeutic potential of ibogaine in treating addiction, including risks, efficacy, and comparison to other types of treatment. Total number of citations included in this thesis is 92. Published scientific literature provides several general conclusions. Ibogaine is a potent substance that has caused several fatalities. These instances and further research suggest that ibogaine is dangerous particularly for people suffering from cardiovascular health conditions, in combination with other substances, and in absence of medical supervision. Clinical studies show, that in certain conditions, and in a controlled environment,...
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Paternal methamphetamine exposure - effect on the development of offspring
Mihalčíková, Lýdia ; Šlamberová, Romana (advisor) ; Cendelín, Jan (referee) ; Riljak, Vladimír (referee)
Introduction: Drug addiction and its effect on the behavior and development of children has become a serious problem in our society. Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most abused psychostimulants in the Czech Republic, and its abuse is rising worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the adverse long-term effects of maternal drug abuse on rat offspring. However, the father's contribution as a parent and donor of half the genetic information is unclear. Aim: First, the present study aimed to examine the effect of MA administration on male sexual behavior, locomotor activity, spermatogenesis, and testosterone level. Second, the impact of paternal MA exposure on behavioral development, locomotor activity, and social interaction in rat offspring was examined. Methods: MA was administrated for 30 days at a dose of 5 mg/kg s.c. to adult male rats (PD 90). The control group was exposed to saline (SA). During the experiments, 6-8 individuals from each group were tested. The sensorimotor development of rat pups was examined during PD 1-23. The Social play experiment was conducted with juvenile rats (PD 30). The sexual behavior, spermatogenesis, and locomotor activity of fathers and offspring were tested in adulthood. Prior to testing, adult offspring were exposed to an acute challenge dose of MA (1...
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Specifics of social work for adolescents with drug addiction
ŘÍHOVÁ, Sabina
This bachelor thesis focuses on the specifics of social work with adolescents with drug addiction. The theoretical part describes the target group, the consequences of drug use, the specifics of drug addiction in adolescents, and the specifics of social work with adolescents with drug addiction, specifically short intervention and motivational training, social counseling, contact work, and prevention. In the empirical part, I try to find out the specifics of social work with adolescents who are threatened by undesirable social phenomena, addictive substances. The research is conducted through semi-structured interviews with staff in low-threshold centers for children and young people who have experience working with adolescents. The result of the work is to identify examples of good practice with the target group from the perspective of social workers in low- threshold centers for children and youth.
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Homelessness of people with addictions
BEDANOVÁ, Nina
In my bachelor thesis I solve the theme of homelessness, especially I focus on homelessness of people with addiction. In it theoretical part I define homelessness, factors which cause it, forms and causes of it, its history, ways of helping homeless people, for instance how various non-profit organizations or state help them. I also follow up definiction, causis and types of addiction in my bachelor thesis. In the practical part of my thesis which follows the theoretical one, I did a research. I describe aim, methods and results of my research using quantitative way of work. In the third part of my bachelor thesis I evaluate hypothesis which were verified by clients of Salvation Army in Brno in the form of qustionnaire. This hypothesis concern homeless people addiction.
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The importance of group work during addiction treatment and risks thereof
JONÁŠOVÁ, Andrea
The aim of this thesis is to describe and to evaluate the importance of group therapy during the treatment of addictions in the process of healing and social functioning of an individual and to identify the risks of group therapy. The theoretical part describes possible causes and personal presuppositions concerning the origin of addictions. It focuses on the importance of influence from one's family and raising, and how they affect addictions, codependency, psychotherapeutic approaches and models of family systems. The theoretical part furthermore characterizes group therapy, its techniques and methods, and specifies the matters, which can accompany the participants. In the practical part are processed data gained from questionnaires of respondents from therapeutical communities and after-treatment centers, who designated each group therapy, according to the perceived benefits and popularity in an ongoing treatment. The point of the research is to evaluate the relevancy of group therapy by addicted persons, to map the relevancy of each group therapy during the resolution of social issues and the acquirance of skills, and to summarize which therapeutical approaches are expected by the clients during their treatment, if they consciously approach the treatment, which factors act as healing, and which risks can accompany the treatment.
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Emotions, experienced by social workers in services for drug addicts
JEDLIČKOVÁ, Barbora
The work is focused on the emotions experienced by social workers when working with drug addicts. It deals with the theoretical definition of social work, drug addiction, services for drug addicts and emotions from the point of view of psychology. Furthermore, a probe was carried out, which points out the emotions that workers experience most often and what evokes them in them. Within the probe, 10 interviews were conducted and processed with social workers of contact centers.
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